Refrigerating apparatus.



G. MURRAY.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1912.-

I Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

' 2 SH EETS-SHEET I.

1710670507: H George Murray WzLlnesses 5m 0. I;

en-train GREECE.

GEORGE MURRAY, 9F CAMBBIDGEPOBT, MASSACHUSETTS.

nnrnxennarrne arrenarns.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that l, GEORGE MURRAY,- a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cambridgeport, in the county of MiddleseX and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the following description', in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relates to refrigerating apparatus for use in the manufacture of ice or for other purposes requiring the artificial production of low temperatures.

In order that the principles of the invention may be readily understood, 1 have disclosed a single embodiment thereof in the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is aside elevation of a refrigerating apparatus embodying my invention;. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section upon the line of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the said apparatus; and Fig. at is a transverse section upon the line H of Fig. 1.

In the artificial production of low temperatures, such, for example; as required in the manufacture of ice, it has been customary to pump or spray ammonia through pipes, the sprayed material ultimately collecting in liquid form and returning to the pump or circulating device to be re-distributed through the system. In the use of such apparatus a pump cylinder having therein a piston and a piston rod extending through a head of the cylinder has been commonly employed. The ammonia or other liquid or fluid escapes from the cylinder between the piston rod and head and thus interferes seriously with the proper operation of the apparatus.

suitable fluid being sealed within the re- "c'ept acle or a chamber connected thereto. In

the preferred embodiment. of my invention, the receptacle is periodically inverted to Specification of Letters Eiitenti Patented Jan. 11, 1916.

Application filed rune 24, 1912. Serial No. 705,479.

permit the piston to reciprocate by its own weight, and preferably the said receptacle is formed as 'a cylinder having trunnions in the line of its shorter axis, so that the cylinder may be constantly rotated end over end 1 by hand or, and preferably, by a suitable motor. In this manner, the piston is moved to and fro within the cylinder by reason of ts own weight, and alternately renders operative spraying devices positioned Within the opposite ends of the cylinder.

Referring more particularly to the'drawing, the cylinder is represented at 1,!it being of any suitable material and dimensions. It is made sufficiently long to secure an effective length of movement of the piston. The said cylinder is provided with flanged ends 2, to which are bolted heads 3 secured ,to the cylinder in such manner as to hermetically seal the contents thereof." Within the cylinder is mounted. a piston 4 preferably provided With a suitable circumferential packing 5 to afford a sufiiciently tight sliding fit. Preferably the piston is heavily weighted with lead, the weight of the piston being such as to insure its proper to and fro movement upon rotation of the cylinder.

Bolted to each head 3 of the cylinder and received upon a boss 6- thereon is a cap 7, said caps-being removable but hermetically sealed in place, so as to prevent all escape of the ainni onia or other refrigerating fluid.

Each head 3 is provided with a central opening 8 inte'r'iial ly threaded at 9 to receive a sleeve 10 having a suitable number of ports 11 and itself internally threaded at 12 to receive a valve casing 13 Within which is suitably guided for reciprocating movement a valve 14, preferably having a flat head and stem 15 received within said casing 13. The ports 11 communicate with the interior of the caps 11 and within the annular space 16 between the valve casing 13 and sleeve 10.

The lower end of said valveca-sing 10 is provided with a horizontal flange 17 spaced sufficiently from the adjacent ends of the sleeves 10 to permit the discharge of the ammonia or other" fluid from the caps through said ports 11, and the annular pas sage 16 into the adjacentend of the cylinder.

1 provide suitable means to spray the am: monia or other fluid as it is discharged from the passages 16 into the cylinder. Whilc this may be agcomplished in any suitable Lilli? other liquid, as it is discharged from the cap into the cylinder.- For this purpose, I

manner, I preferably effect this result-by forcing a charge of vapor by means of the piston 4 into the field of the ammonia or have represented two pipes .18 tapped into the flanges 2 of the cylinder. Viewin Fig. 2, it will be apparent that theleft han pipe 18 communicates at its upper end through a passage 19 in the upper flange 2 of the cylinder with a chamber 20 in the upper head 3. The said chamber 20 is provided I with an annular discharge 1 port 21 herein shown as positioned adjacent to and atsub- 'stantially a right angleto the discharge end" of the annular passage '16. The said port 21 is directed toward the piston 4, and the charge of vapor directed through said port cylinder.

-21intercep'ts the ammonia or other liquid discharged through the passage 16 and sprays the same into the adjacent end of the At its opposite end the right hand pipe 18' is tapped or threaded into the flange 2 to heat up or va at the lower end of the cylinder, so as to communicate'jwith a .port 22' in said flange, said port communicating with the interior of the cylinder as shown. -At its upper'end the said pipe 18'is preferably provided with a ball valve 23 to prevent return of the.

charge therethrough.

The left hand pipe 18 is reverselv connected-to the flanges 2 of the cylinder and is provided with-a ball valve 23 at its lower end. The construction of parts is,'howev.er,

1 preferably substantially the same as that described with reference to the right hand pipe 18"a'nd the operation is the same. The pipes 18 permit'gas jpassing therethrough pori'ze liquid that maybe carried into the cylinder 1.

The cylinder '1 may be inverted periodi-- cally in any suitable manner in orderto compel the piston 4 to reciprocate therein. It is apparent that the cylinder might be oscillated in order to secure such to and fro movement of the piston, but preferably I provide means constantly to rotate the cylinder about itsshorter axis, or, in other Words, to turn the cylinder end over end. For that purpose I provide the cylinder with trunnions 2424 in the line of its shorter axis, the said trunnions being mounted in any suitable support. In order to rotate the cylinder, I provide a suitable gear'to be rotated by hand or if desired by a suitable motor.

It will be apparent that when the cylinder is inverted into the position shown in' Fig.

2, the piston 4. drops from what is now the upper end to the lower end of the cylinder. The dropping of the piston compels an upward charge of ammonia vapor through the right hand" pipe 18, thereby lifting the'ball valve 28and forcing said charge through the'passage 20. At the same time a partial vacuum or suction is created above the piston.

Before the caps 7 are sealed in position a suitable charge of ammonia, or other recrating liquid is placed in each cap. It ,ltherefore, be apparent that the vapor cha r e passing upward through the right ha'n pipe 18, will intercept the liquid ammonia passing by gravity down the passage '16 and will spray. the same into the upper "end of the cylinder, thereby chilling the cylinder. When the position of the cylinder is reversed, a similar action occurs at the other end thereof, so that the liquid is alternately sprayed at opposite ends of the cylinder thereinto with the refrigerating effect referred to.

It will be apparent that. the :ammoniasprayed into each end of the cylinder will collect in globules therein. It therefore becomes desirable to train the liquid ammonia from each end of the cylinder, as it is turned into the lowermost position, so as to permit the free descent of the piston 4 and to insure a suitable supply of ammonia for the neirtspraying action. To this end,

, erably at one side only of the trunnions 24.

The other pipe coil 27 passes longitudinally v of and about the cylinder, but upon the opposite side .of said trunnions 24:, whereby the .two sides of the pipes jbalanceeach other.

It will be apparent that when the cylinder is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the then lower valve 15 drops away from its seat into contact with the interior of the head 7. This permits the liquid ammonia which may have formed or collected in the lower portion of the cylinder to pass into the cap, the ammonia also passing into the cap through the passage 16 and ports 11. The ammonia then passes into the pipes 25, 25, 27, 27 and is circulated therethrough during the rotation of the cylinder. As the position of the cylinder is'reversed the ammonia' is re-conveyed into the. appropriate cap 7 so as to be sprayed therefrom, as previously described.

It will be apparent from the foregoing the charge being composed of amm Such c argesintercept theliq'u'id am and up ly the same alternately at theopp'odescription thatas the cylinder 1 is"i'o-"" tated upon its trunnions 24, 'the piston" 4 ,gravitates from end toend and alternately forces charges through the pip e sf 1'8. 1f8, l' fi af ems 1 I may apply any ordinary form of Water Withdraw jacket to the cylinder 1 and introduce and the Water. from said ackee through the trunnions or parts connected therewith. in Figs. 2 and l have represented a water jacket composed of two inetallic cylinders 28, 29 having between them a lining. 30 of asbestos or mineral wool. This jacket may be of any suitable form and applied in any suitable manner to the cylinder 1, and is provided with pipes 31, 32 extending through the ti'uniiions 2% of the cylinder, thus establishing a suitable or 2? discharges.

131011 no valves are necessary in the pipe coils water circulation from any desiredsoiirce. This Water-jacket constitutes one f0lIfi OI condenser suitable for removing all heat generated by compression in the operation of the apparatus into which the pipes 26, 27 extend.

Outside the cylinder 1- and its Water jacket 28, 29, 30, I providean outer iiiclosiire 33 which rotates with the jacketed cylinder 1. To this end, the trunnions 24-, 2st of the cylinder are formed with or extend from said inclosure 33, and they are provided with inlet and discharge pipes 34, 35, by which brine or other suitable liquid may be introduced int-o the inclosure 33 and be discharged therefrom, thus establishing a circulation. In this manner, the low tern.- perature. created in the operation of the ap paratus results in the effective lowering of the temperature of the brine, which being circulated as desired may be used for cooling or refrigerating purposes.

The pipes 25, and if desired the pipes 25', may be provided with suitable check valves such as-indicated at 36 to secure the proper circulation of the ammonia. or other refrigerating medium.

The length of the pipe coils 26-27 and the internal diam'eter thereof are such that suliicientfriction is produced for the com- 'pression and liquefyiiig or the ammonia or other refrigerant employed. Thus appliicant provides his apparatus with a high pressure portion .naniely the pipe coils 26-27-and a low pressure portion, namely that into which each pipe coil 26 Owing to this construe 2i'l2? and the liquefied refrigerant is per united to evaporate at a suliiciently low temperature when discharged from said pipe i'iioils 26-27.

,osl

It is apparent that the apparatus is of simple construction, and that there is no leakage, inasmuch as the caps and heads are hermetically sealed in place.

Having thus described one illustrative embodiment of my invention, 1 desire it to he understood that although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and dos scriptive sense and not for purposes of liinitation, the scope ofuthe invention hein gset forth in the following claims,

Claims:

1. A; refrigerating apparatus comprising o rotatable receptacle, pipes connecting opposite ends thereof, and means operated by the.

rotation of said receptacle to spray a refrigeratin liquid in said receptacle.

2. A reirigeratingapparatus comprising an hermetically sealed 'linder, pipes oonnectiiig opposite ends thereof, a.v gravity piston in said cylinder, and spraying devices between which said piston reciprocates.

A refrigerating apparatus comprising a closed cylinder rotatable end ever end, pipes connecting opposite ends of. said (piston, and alternatively operative spraying devices vitliin said cylinder and between which the piston ieciprocates.

refrigerating apparatus compria'rg a closed cylinder rotatable about its shorteraxis, a pair of pipes connecting the ends of. said cylinder, a terminal spraying device in connnunlcation with each pipe, and means for projecting sp 'aying charges alternately through said pipes.

5. A refrigerating apparatus comprising a closed cylinder rotatable about its shorter axis, refrigerating liquid containing caps secured to opposite ends of saidcvlinder and communicating therewith, a plurality of pipes connecting opposite ends of said cylinder through said caps and means to spray the liouid discharged from said caps into a said cylinder.

6. A reirigerating apparatus comprising an hermetically sealedvessel, a refrigerating liquid containing .chamber in communiontion therewith, devices connecting thofop posits end thereof, anduneans'to spray liquid discharged from'sai'd chamber into said vessel.

7. A refrigerating apparatus comprising pipes connecting opposite ends thereof a graviteting piston therein, spraying devices operated by said piston and between which it .reci-procetes, 'and means to drain liquid alternately from the cylinder ends.

'- 10. A refrigeratingapparatus comprising j-an invertible hermetically seated cylinder,

from'eech cylinder end when it is lowermost and to return-it thereto when it is upper most.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my 15 name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses,

, GEORGE MURRAY. Witnesses:

THOMAS T. ,MUnRAY, GEORGE H.- STETSON. 

